Satyendranath bose (1894-1974)

Sathyendranath bose (1894-1974) Profile

Sathyendranath Bose, born in Calcutta in 1894, is among the greatest Indian physicists who made a fundamental contribution to the advance of science in the twentieth century. An outstanding student throughout, Bose started his career in 1916 as a lecturer in physics in Calcutta University: five years later he joined Dacca University. Here in 1924, in a brilliant flash of insight, Bose gave a new derivation of Planks law, treating radiation as a gas of photons and employing new statistical methods of counting of photon states. He wrote a short paper on the subject and sent it to Einstein who immediately recognized its great significance, translated it in German and forwarded it for publication. Einstein then applied the same method to a gas of molecules.

Educational Career

Physicists satyendra nath bose stood up to fifth class in hindu school with merit. From there he attended presidency college where he took intermediate science course he studied with Scientists Jagadeesh Chandra Bose and Prafulla Chandra Ray. He received bachelor of science in mixed mathematics in 1914 from presidency college and the master of science in the same subject in 1915 from Calcutta university after completing his master degree he became a research scholar in Calcutta university and began the study in the theory of relativity and set up new department and department to teach undergraduate and graduate courses.

Calcutta University

While studying in the University of Calcutta he also served as the lecturer in physics department. After five years he joined in Dacca University and started his successful inventions.

Bose-Einstein Statistics

The key new conceptual ingredient in Bose's work was that the particles were regarded as indistinguishable, a radical departure from the assumption that underlines the classical Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics. It was soon realized that the new Bose-Einstein statistics was applicable to particles with integers spins, and a new quantum statistics (Fermi-Dirac statistics) was needed for particles with half integers spins satisfying Pauli's exclusion principle. Particles with integers spins are now known as bosons in honour of Bose.

Bose-Einstein Condensate

An important consequences of Bose-Einstein statistics is that a gas of molecules below a certain temperature will undergo a phase transition to a state where a large fraction of atoms populate the same lowest energy state. Some seventy years were to pass before the pioneering ideas of Bose, developed further by Einstein, were dramatically confirmed in the observation of a new state of matter in a dilute gas of ultra cold alkali atoms - the Bose-Einstein condensate.